Medicine of Extreme Situations
Scientific and Practical reviewed Journal
of FMBA of Russia

included in the list of HAC

№1, 2013 (March)

Antidote therapy in protection arrangement system aimed to eliminate medical and sanitary consequences in emergency situations: status and prospects.

Year: 2013 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 6-18

Heading: Organization and improvement of medical care and the state sanitary and epidemiological supervision. Prevention and liquidation of consequences of emergency situations.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Nazarov V.B., Gladkih V.D., Belovolov A.Y.

Organization: FSUE RPC «Pharmaceutical Protection» at Federal Medical-Biological Agency.

Annotation: 

We considered legal, regulatory and manufacturing issues of antidote provision to medical units, in emergency damage control situations. We are working on unresolved issues and possible ways to resolve them.

Keywords: 

Antidotes, reserve medical inventory, chemical safety, emergency situations.

Role and place of district medical centers in federal district healthcare system (On an example FGBUZ SOMTS FMBA).

Year: 2013 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 19-24

Heading: Organization and improvement of medical care and the state sanitary and epidemiological supervision. Prevention and liquidation of consequences of emergency situations.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Strelchenko O.V., Chernyshev V.M.

Organization: FGBUZ SOMTS FMBA.

Annotation: 

The basic operational directions of FGBUZ SOMTS FMBA, as coordinator of health care services and facilities in the Siberian Federal District. The main functions that are assigned to the district medical centers: to work out a single policy in the field of medical care (MC) tailored serve the local perspective and following the federal program, the formation of a common information space and publishing, collaboration with medical research institutions, in this case with the Siberian Department of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, the provision of medical care, including high-tech in emergency situations, to the residents of the Siberian Federal District. The results of the measures, as well as other measures taken by the Centre in conjunction with the authorities of the Russian Federation and the Russian President's representative in the county, in order to improve the organization of the provision of medical care district..

Keywords: 

Region healthcare, healthcare services.

Occupational hearing loss: new approach to diagnostic, labor capacity examination and rehabilitation.

Year: 2013 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 25-29

Heading: Organization and improvement of medical care and the state sanitary and epidemiological supervision. Prevention and liquidation of consequences of emergency situations.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Pankova V.B., Tavartkiladze G.A., Mukhamedova G.R.

Organization: Federal State Unitary Enterprise «The All-Russian Research Institute of Railway Hygiene» Rospotrebnadzor, Research and Practical Centre for Audiology and hearing Aid FMBA.

Annotation: 

This article analyzes the new regulations and methodological approaches to the diagnosis, connection between occupation and occupational deseas, and the professional competence of employees of so called 'noise' professions and people suffering from sensor neural hearing loss from exposure to intense industrial noise.

Keywords: 

Occupational deafness, intense industrial noise, regulations on preventive medical examinations, hearing assessment criteria.

Healthy employee’s biological material bank at the Siberian group of chemical enterprises.

Year: 2013 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 30-39

Heading: Organization and improvement of medical care and the state sanitary and epidemiological supervision. Prevention and liquidation of consequences of emergency situations.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Takhauov R.M., Karpov A.B., Mezheritsky S.A., Litvyakov N.V., Vasilyeva E.O., Goncharik O.O., Freydin M.B., Albach E.N., Bondaruk A.A., Mironova E.B., Skobelskaya E.V., Semenova Yu.V., Nekrasov G.B., Izosimov A.S., Gagarin A.A.

Organization: Seversk Biophysical Research Center at the Russian Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Basic Research Laboratory «Radiation Medicine and Radiobiology» at Tomsk Scientific Center SB RAMS, Clinical Hospital Nr. 81 at the Russian Federal Medical and Biological Agency.

Annotation: 

Seversk Biophysical Research Centre has been engaged in creating biological material bank Siberian Group of Chemical Enterprises (SGCE) employees and residents of neighboring territories (Seversk city) since 2002. According to the selected methodology, for each participant, this bank stores: a DNA sample, RNA sample and 7 ml blood sample (backup sample). Every cytogenetic sample was checked on frequency and spectrum of chromosome aberrations. The biological material bank stores blood and DNA of 1 390 healthy employees of SGCE. Average employees’ age is 57.8±0.32 years, 648 of them (48%) were exposed to external radiation with an average dose of 171.7±9.2 mSv; 63 (5%) persons were exposed to internal radiation, with an average content of 239Pu 53.3±5.5 nCi and 494 (34%) patients were exposed to combined radiation. The database of Regional Medical and Dosimetric Register has info on: age, external radiation doses, Pu dose, employment history, past medical history, cause of death and etc. It is our priority to have and operate biological material bank with samples of every employee working at hazardous production facility, especially at nuclear production facility. It is crucially important to preserve biological material of these employees, who are growing less due to the natural loss, for long (20-40 years). It is also important to collect DNA samples from the immediate relatives of nuclear facilities employees, to establish the ground for large-scale work to explore long-term effects of prolonged exposure to radiation.

Keywords: 

Biological material bank, dna samples, cytogenetic samples, radiation exposure.

New approaches to identification of hazardous biological factors.

Year: 2013 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 41-49

Heading: The results of research works in the field of studying the influence on the humans especially dangerous and harmful production factors.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Chramov E.N., Levchuk M.N., Poklonskiy D.L., Bogatova R. I., Alexandrova A. V., Alekhova T.A.

Organization: Federal state unitary enterprise "State Scientific Research Institute of Biological Industry" FMBA Russia, Federal state institution of science "The state scientific center of the Russian Federation - Institute of Medicobiological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences", State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University".

Annotation:

Abstract: The main trends on the use of technical means for real-time monitoring and identification of bio contaminants aerosol are reviewed. The methods of selection of representative samples for subsequent analysis by immune-biological and molecular-genetic means are considered in system of the sanitary-epidemiological control, which identifies and eliminates the influence of severely hazardous biological factors for workers of the FMBA-covered organization and population of the FMBA-covered territories, as well as in the field of medico-sanitary maintenance of works, carried out in the framework of the Federal space program.

Keywords: 

Biocontaminants, air, biological aerosol, microorganisms, contamination.

Influence of anthropogenic chemical agents on human and animal immune system.

Year: 2013 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 50-75

Heading: The results of research works in the field of studying the influence on the humans especially dangerous and harmful production factors.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Martynov A.I., Golubeva N.N., Zelenova Z.V.

Organization: FSBI NRC «Institute of Immunology» FMBA of Russia.

Annotation: 

The review presents data on immunomodulatory, immuno-and geno-toxical action of pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, some metals (selenium, zinc, copper), various types of nanoparticles, as well as chemical low-dose stimulation of immune system (hormesis).

Keywords: 

Pesticides, pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, selenium, zinc, copper, nanoparticles, chemical hormesis.

Lowering risk of being a carrier of opportunistic infections in case of radiation damage by using probiotic vitaflor and antibiotics.

Year: 2013 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 76-81

Heading: The results of research works in the field of studying the influence on the humans especially dangerous and harmful production factors.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Ivanov A.A., Simbircev A.S., Maltsev V.N., Petrov L.N., Andrianova I.E., Stavrakova N.M., Ulanova A.M., Shal’nova G.A.

Organization: FGBU «State Research Centre of Russian Federation Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Centre» of the FMBA of Russia, FGUE «State Research Institute of highly pure biopreparations» of the FMBA of Russia.

Annotation: 

We studied the efficacy of antibiotics (gentamycin, nistatin), probiotic Vitaflor and their combination on bone marrow and intestinal forms of acute radiation disease.

Material and methods: 150 mice male F1(CBA×C57Bl) weighing 18-23 g Proteus infection carriers were irradiated on ROCUS unit by γ-rays in doses 6,5 Gy (LD35/30), 10.0 Gy (LD100/8) (dose rate 1 Gy/min), 100 healthy mice were irradiated on IGUR unit 137Cs sourse in doses 8,5 Gy (LD35/30) and 12.0 Gy (LD100/ 8) (dose rate 0,4 Gy/min).

Results: In experiment: antibiotics decreased mortality in healthy mice, increased survival time and decreased amount of Esch. coli in excrements after irradiation versus irradiated control. In mice carriers of Proteus infection, the positive effect after irradiation was achieved only when antibiotics were administered in combination with Vitaflor.

Conclusion: probiotic Vitaflor may be used as an additional remedy for prevention and treatment in case of radiation disease among personnel of nuclear industry and power engineering.

Keywords: 

Acute radiation disease, antibiotics, vitaflor, mortality, life expectancy, microbiotic flora, proteus infection.

Evoked brain potentials in viral encephalitis in children.

Year: 2013 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 82-90

Heading: The results of research works in the field of studying the influence on the humans especially dangerous and harmful production factors.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Skripchenko N.V., Savina M.V., Komantsev V.N., Ivanova G.P.

Organization: Federal State Budgetary Institution Scientific and Research Institute of children's infections of FMBA of Russia.

Annotation:

Material and methods: This article presents neurophysiological study results of 94 children aged 2 to 17 suffered from viral encephalitis and studied using evoked potentials.

Results: Some specific features of evoked potentials in viral encephalitis were discovered that appear to be in close correlate with the course of disease and the age of the patients. We designed of a logic-based model that predicting outcomes of encephalitis in patients using a holistic diagnostic approach. We have found that evoked brain potentials may be successfully implemented to adjust treatment strategies.

Conclusions: The study of evoked brain potentials in viral encephalitis in children may help to define the severity of the decease, the extent of lesions and to identify subclinical dysfunction and to monitor the recovery processes.

Keywords: 

Children, encephalitis, evoked potentials, diagnostics.

Crystal-growth properties of donor blood plasma in relation to freezing temperature and the kind of cryoprotectant used.

Year: 2013 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 91-96

Heading: The results of research works in the field of studying the influence on the humans especially dangerous and harmful production factors.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Kostyaev A.A., Martusevich A.K.

Organization: F.S.B.R.I Kirov Haematology and Blood Transfusion Research Institute. The Federal Medical-Biological Agency (FMBA), Traumatology and Orthopaedic Research Institute.

Annotation: 

The aim of this work is to understand how to maintain blood plasma crystal-growth properties using various freezing protocols and crioprotectants. Using light microscope we observed crystallization of a biological substrate, with and without adding cryoprotectant (either 5% dimethylsulfoxyde, Trombocryodmac, or 5% Glycerine +4% Glucose) before and after freezing. We used four temperature regiments: 22-24°С, 37°С, -80°С and -196°С. We found out, that by the crystal-growing properties, the most suitable crioprotectant for human physiology is dimethylsulfoxyde, and most preferable temperature regiment is -196°С.

Keywords: 

Cryoprotectant, blood plasma, crystal growth properties, biocrystallomics.

Domestic human intestinal infections diagnostic test-systems.

Year: 2013 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 97-102

Heading: The results of research works in the field of studying the influence on the humans especially dangerous and harmful production factors.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Pakhomova G.S., Kraeva V.N., Zhulkova M.M., Antoshina T.I., Silina N.R., Strukova Yu.V., Knyazeva A.I., Kaftyreva L.A.

Organization: Federal State Unitary Enterprise (FSUE) «St. Petersburg Vaccines and Blood Serum Research Institute Bacterial Preparations Production Facility at the Federal Medico-Biological Agency.

Annotation: 

In this article presented diagnostic preparations and ways to use them in labs to diagnose acute intestinal bacterial infection, for clinical and epidemiological purposes: agglutinating serums for serotyping of salmonella and shigella as well as diagnosticums for serodiagnosis of yersiniosis, shigellosis, salmonellosis and typhoid. The preparations are highly sensitive and highly specific.

Keywords: 

Serums, antigens, diagnosticums, salmonella, shigella, yersinia.

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