Medicine of Extreme Situations
Scientific and Practical reviewed Journal
of FMBA of Russia

included in the list of HAC

№1, 2015 (March)

To the problem of Norm and Pathology of Mental Health in Prentive Occupational Pathology.

Year: 2015 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 8-16

Heading: Medical sciences.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: V.L. Filippov, Yu.V. Filippova.

Organization: Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology, and Human Ecology federal Unitary Enterprise, Federal Medical Biological Agency, St. Petersburg.

Annotation:

The paper draws attention to the problem of norm and pathology of mental health in preventive occupational pathology. The necessity in the implementation of the WHO and ILO concepts on the preservation of mental health of people working in hazardous labor conditions. The prevalence of borderline mental disorders in all groups of people working in extreme conditions compared to general population is demonstrated. For preservation of mental health of such workers, mental hygiene, mental prophylaxis, and preclinical diagnostics should be the main priorities. Preventive occupational pathology should be based on the state of mental health as a marker of maladjustment and pathology, which has clinical manifestations and disease pattern. The recognition of the problem of mental health in preventive occupational pathology is an immediate need for health management of people working in extreme conditions.

Keywords:

Mental health, norm and pathology, extremely hazardous chemical substances, preventive occupational pathology, preventive measures.

Health of the child population in Siberian federal district.

Year: 2015 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 17-21

Heading: Medical sciences.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: V.M. Chernyshev, O.V. Strelchenko, I.F. Mingazov.

Organization: FSBHCI SRMC FMBA, Novosibirsk; Novosibirsk state medical University.

Annotation:

The article analyzes demographic processes and key indicators of the health of the child population in the Siberian Federal district (SFD). Over the resent 10 years natural decline in population was followed by the population growth in 2012, that in 2013 amounted for 1.5%.

The incidence rate in child population was studied upon the outpatient visits and showed that the rate of newly diagnosed patients reached 19.4%, and the total rate amounted for 13.3%. The infant mortality rate in the region has reduced, along with the overall reduction throughout Russia, and amounted in 2013 for 9.4 per 1000 live births, yet it is still 10% higher than the national average. The dynamics of such rates as stillbirth rate, perinatal and neonatal mortality rate, etc. was closely followed and suggested the reasons hindering the improvement of the considered indicators: insufficient funding of the sector, inefficient use of allocated funds, demotivation of medical institutions in efficient operation, low sanitary culture of the population etc., The conducted analysis helped to propose measures to address the issues and to improve the overall health of children in Siberia.

Keywords:

Children, demography, morbidity, infant mortality.

Experience of using Robotic Mechanotherapy in rehabilitation of children with motor disorders of various genesis.

Year: 2015 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 22-26

Heading: Medical sciences.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Yu.V. Lobzin, M.V. Ivanova, N.V. Skripchenko, N.F. Pulman, V.B. Voitenkov, E.Yu. Naidin.

Organization: Science Research Institute of Children’s Infections of FMBA of Russia, S-Petersburg.

Annotation:

Research objective was to estimate the effectiveness of robotic mechanotherapy in rehabilitation of children with motor disorders of various genesis.

Patients and methods

The effectiveness of robotic mechanotherapy unit “MotionMaker” appli-cation, was analyzed in 56 patients (aged 9 to 18 y.o.) with motor disorders of various genesis (19 children with infantile cerebral palsy, 19 children with infectious diseases of central and peripheral nervous system, 18 children with residual involvement of CNS of hypoxic and traumatic genesis). The given therapy effectiveness was assessed by clinical manifestations and by the results of neurophysiological examination (transcranial magnetic stimulation – ТCМS) that was carried out before and after the treatment.

Results

The outcomes of the research proved the therapeutic effectiveness of robotized mechano therapy conducted on neurorehabilitation “MotionMaker” unit. The clinical efficacy of the given therapy was proved by the increase of muscle strength, decrease of muscle hypertonicity, improved range of active and passive motion, and correlated with the dynamics of ТCМS results. The effectiveness of the therapy greatly depends on the duration of motor disorders, as a result of this it is recommended to begin the robotic mechanotherapy at the subacute phase of the disease.

Keywords:

Children, robotic mechanotherapy, electric stimulation, neuroreabilitation, transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Methods virological diagnosis of herpesvirus infections (publications review).

Year: 2015 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 27-40

Heading: Medical sciences.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: E.A. Murina, O.V. Goleva, Z.A. Osipova.

Organization: Scientific Research Institute of children’s infections, St.-Petersburg.

Annotation:

Currently, the interest to herpesvirus infection grows as it spreads more and more through the human population and specifically among children. Health conditions caused by herpesvirus infection could lead to serious complications, thus the timely diagnosis, laboratory proven ethiology and stage of the decease depend on the application of holistic, specific and highly sensitive methods. In this context, analysis of the achievements in the field of laboratory diagnosis of herpesvirus infections, including epidemiological and pathogenetic aspects, various diagnostic methods applicable for each type of infection, with comparative evaluation, are very important.

Present analytical review collects data from domestic and foreign publications and shows the most common methods of diagnostic for herpes viruses with the assessment of their conclusiveness and uncertainty. That will help to get a broader picture of the laboratory diagnostics capabilities and will suggest the areas for further studies for herpes virus.

Keywords:

Detection, methods, herpesviruses, infectious process.

Environmental safety in demilitarization operations at the former chemical weapons production facility.

Year: 2015 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 41-49

Heading: Occupational safety and security.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: T.G. Kudankina, N.V. Petrova, N.V. Vorobieva.

Organization: Interregional Department №29 of the Federal medical-biological Agency, Novocheboksarsk.

Annotation:

Purpose: to assess the effectiveness of systematic measures taken for Human and Environmental Safety (HSE management) against the adverse factors effective in demilitarization operations at the former chemical weapons production facility, Novocheboksarsk, Chuvash Republic, Russian Federation (hereinafter FCWPF), based on the data recorded on Environmental Safety Monitoring conducted at FCWPF at the time of demilitarization operations and historical data records on Toxicological Monitoring (form №58-1). Assessment of the environment samples taken at the FCWPF and in the vicinity, was focused on the presence of FCWDF first priority substances – VX and the product of its destruction (diisobutyl ether of methyl-phosphonic acid). The sensitivity limits of the analytical methods were not exceeded. According to the recorded data on the Toxicological Monitoring (form №58-1) no cases of acute poisonings of the chemical etiology were registered among the local population, since the very beginning of demilitarization operations at FCWPF.

Keywords:

Former chemical weapons production facility, demilitarization work, environmental safety monitoring, set of measures on protection of population and environment (HSE management), polluting substances.

Experimental validation of maximum permissible concentration of tetramethyltetrazen in water bodies.

Year: 2015 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 50-62

Heading: Occupational safety and security.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: A.A. Maslennikov, S.A. Demidova, E.N. Zboromirskaya.

Organization: Federal State Unitary Enterprise «Research Institute for Hygiene, Toxicology and Occupational Pathology» at Federal Medical and Biological Agency (FSUE «RIHTOP» FMBA Russia), Volgograd.

Annotation:

The goal of this work was to study experimentally the exposure limits for tetramethyltetrazen in water reservoirs. The subject of the research was tetrametiltetrazen (4,4,4,4-tetramethyl-2-tetrazene, C4H12N4), CAS 6130-87-6 number, specific density d420 = 0,91 g/cm3, mass fraction 96%. The research was conducted according to the current guidelines and covered the effect of the compound on organoleptic properties of water, common sanitary requirements applied to such water, and health status of the laboratory animals. Considering collected data and experimentally proven absence of cumulative effect, suggested that the maximum allowable concentration of tetramethyltetrazen in water reservoirs should not exceed 0.001 mg/l. Exposure limiting factors: General Rules of Hygine and hygine toxicology.

Keywords:

Water, tetramethyltetrazen, sanitary conditions of water bodies, general toxic effect, delayed effects, maximum no-effect dose, maximum permissible concentration.

Beryllium oxide toxicodynamics in cases of skin exposure.

Year: 2015 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 63-68

Heading: Occupational safety and security.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: V.E. Zhukov, I.G. Frolova, I.P. Skalich, Z.V. Babaeva.

Organization: FSUE «Research Institute for Hygiene, Toxicology and Occupational Pathology» FMBA Russia, Volgograd.

Annotation:

The goal of the research was to study toxic effects of beryllium oxide (BeO) in contacts with skin, various in duration. It was proven that a single contact with BeO caused changes in epidermis structure and had absorbtion manifestations. Complex of integral indicators revealed dose – effect correlation, that helped to determine a single time (Limacintegr) and chronic (Limchintegr) exposure thresholds for the compound. Prolonged contact with BeO causes dysfunctions of central nervous system, cardiovascular and immune systems, along with the metabolic imbalance. The study allowed to classify Stages of body response to repeated dermal exposure of beryllium oxide.

Keywords:

Beryllium oxide, skin exposure, threshold of one-time exposure, threshold chronic effect, toxicodynamic.

The results of decontamination by peroxosolvate based formulations, applied to vertical and horizontal surfaces, contaminated with spore form of bacteria and fungi.

Year: 2015 (March) Number: №1 Pages: 70-77

Heading: Occupational safety and security.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: E.N. Khramov, O.B. Pudova, O.A. Zharkova, D.L. Poklonskiy, V.N. Nikolskaya, D.A. Malofeev.

Organization: Federal State Unitary Enterprise «Scientific Research Institute of Biological Engineering», Moscow Federal Medical Biological Agency; Military Academy of Radiation, Chemical and Biological Defence named after Marshal of the Soviet Union S.K . Tymoshenko, Kostroma.

Annotation:

Objective

To evaluate the effectiveness of water-polymer formulations based on potassium fluoride and ammonium fluoride peroxosolvates, developed at the Chemical Disinfectants Development Laboratory at the Federal State Unitary Enterprise «Scientific Research Institute of Biological Engineering» (FSUE «SRIBE») for decontamination of vertical and horizontal surfaces of various objects.

Results

Analytical review of publications: scientific, technical and patent literature, as well as the results of our own research and development [1; 4] allowed to develop formulations that can be used for the surface treatment of various objects, with respect of the exposure time required to reach the effect of decontamination. Water-polymeric formulations of UDS-A and UDS-K were developed on the basis of synthesized ammonium fluoride peroxosolvate and potassium fluoride peroxosolvate - environmentally safe powder derivatives of hydrogen peroxide. (State registration certificate: for ammonium polyphosphate № RU 77.99.01.002.E.002810.02.11 from 16.02.2011 and for calcium pyrophosphate № 77.99.18.939.R.000023.01.04 from 22.01.2004).

Conclusions

The results of the study have proved the endo/sporicidal and fungicidal properties of water polymer formulations of UDS-A and UDS-K. Test surface was contaminated with highly resistant microorganisms (B. cereus) and either Candida albicans or Aspergillus niger. The developed formulations proved to have wide activity spectrum against live bacteria and bacterial endospores, fungi and viruses.

Keywords:

Peroxosolvate, disinfection, decontamination, hydrogen peroxide, water polymer formulations, bacterial endospores, fungi, sporicidal and fungicidal spectrum.

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