Medicine of Extreme Situations
Scientific and Practical reviewed Journal
of FMBA of Russia

included in the list of HAC

№2, 2013 (June)

The importance on knowledge about the various radiation exposure conditions and clinical data for the adequate selection of EHS measures to protect people’s health in various radiation situations.

Year: 2013 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 6-11

Heading: Organization and improvement of medical care and the state sanitary and epidemiological supervision. Prevention and liquidation of consequences of emergency situations.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Gouskova A.K.

Organization: Federal Medical Biophysical Center named by A.I. Burnazyan, FMBA.

Annotation: 

The article presents the importance of medico-biological and dosimetric datafor making organizational decisions. Indicates the adjustment of the decision making process based on more detailed and collected information. Stipulates the primary importance of clinical observation, assessing the severity of radiation exposure consequences. Medical indications taking along with the dynamics of the exposure conditions determine the adjustments in decision making process. Decisions are based on the number of involved contingent exposed to radiation, the source of information and the collaboration between the experts involved. The article gives few examples of addressing the issues in particular and various scale situations.

Keywords: 

Irradiation conditions, the spatiotemporal distribution of the total dose, lesions structural features, the phases of an emergency management, the scope of information, consequent protective measures adjustment, long-term effects, the importance of the information address service, the interaction between experts.

Actual aspects of morbidity with temporary disability in Siberian federal district.

Year: 2013 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 12-16

Heading: Organization and improvement of medical care and the state sanitary and epidemiological supervision. Prevention and liquidation of consequences of emergency situations.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Strelchenko O.V., Chernyshev V.M., Mingazov I.F.

Organization: FGBHI (Federal Governmental Budgetary Healthcare Institution) «Siberian Regional Medical Center FMBA», FBHI (Federal Budgetary Healthcare Institution) «Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Novosibirsk region».

Annotation: 

The morbidity analysis among the working population in the Siberian Federal District, based to the statistical data of morbidity with temporary disability (ZVUT) among workers and the level of the total morbidity rates among the working population. To evaluate the morbidity with temporary disability we analyzed data collected in Siberian Federal District's regions and presented in annual statistical report generates in Statistical Form 16 BH for 2010 2011 (number of days of disability per 100 employees). Analysis of the level of working population total morbidity in Siberian Federal District's regions is made on the basis of annual statistical reports generated in the new Statistical Form Nr. 12, that presents data for 2011.

Keywords: 

Morbidity rates among the working population, disability.

Children residents of Peresvet city, Moscow Region, Health status.

Year: 2013 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 17-21

Heading: Organization and improvement of medical care and the state sanitary and epidemiological supervision. Prevention and liquidation of consequences of emergency situations.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Alekhnovich A.V., Tarakanova S.Yu., Knyazev E.G., Sinycina Yu.Yu.

Organization: FGBHI (Federal Governmental Budgetary Healthcare Institution) Children’s Teaching Hospital FMBA, FGBHI (Federal Governmental Budgetary Healthcare Institution) Joint Medical Service № 94, FMBA.

Annotation: 

The Hospital Medical Record Statistics Form, collected for the period 2005-2011 in FGBHI (Federal Governmental Budgetary Healthcare Institution) Joint Medical Service № 94, have been analyzed to verify the Health status in children and adolescents residing in Peresvet city, Moscow Region. The analysis showed, that the morbidity rates among children and adolescents dwelling in Peresvet city do not exceed the average morbidity rates in territories serviced by FMBA. The dynamics and quantity of children’s health encounters proves the need to provide comprehensive and often expert medical service to children.

Keywords: 

Children, teenagers, morbidity.

Clinical manifestation and progression of an infectious decease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus.

Year: 2013 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 22-27

Heading: Organization and improvement of medical care and the state sanitary and epidemiological supervision. Prevention and liquidation of consequences of emergency situations.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Logacheva L.S., Kulyga V.N.

Organization: Joint Medial Service № 119 FMBA.

Annotation: 

This article presents data on clinical manifestation and progression of an infectious decease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. The most common in medical practice forms of Epstein-Barr virus infection diagnosed in out-patient hospitals. Listed recommendations for the laboratory diagnosis optimization at different stages of the disease. The attention of physicians brought to the importance of serum diagnosis, including ELISA and PCR along with the clinical examination when verifying for EBV infection. In indistinct clinical situations, it is important to consult with other doctors in order to exclude rare clinical forms of EBV.

Keywords: 

Epstein-barr virus, serum diagnosis, antibody titers, clinical symptoms, diagnosis.

Blood flow monitoring in normal and re-perfused pancreatic tissue by the method of laser speckle-visualization.

Year: 2013 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 28-32

Heading: Organization and improvement of medical care and the state sanitary and epidemiological supervision. Prevention and liquidation of consequences of emergency situations.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Vilensky M.A., Alexandrov D.A., Timoshina P.A., Tuchin V.V., Scorokhod A.A., Yarovoy A.S.

Organization: Saratov State University named by N.G. Chernyshevsky, Saratov State Medical University named by V.I. Razumovsky, FGBHI Branch (Federal Governmental Budgetary Healthcare Institution), Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control, Russian Academy of Sciences.

Annotation: 

This paper presents the results of the lab rats pancreatic tissue microcirculation study in normal, re-perfused and restored blood flow, monitored by the method of laser speckle-visualization and the digital intravital microscopy.

Keywords: 

Pancreatic tissue, re-perfused, laser speckle-visualization.

Health related quality of life in dialysis patients awaiting kidney transplant. Before and after surgery.

Year: 2013 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 33-36

Heading: Organization and improvement of medical care and the state sanitary and epidemiological supervision. Prevention and liquidation of consequences of emergency situations.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Pikalova N.N., Movchan E.A.

Organization: FGBHI (Federal Governmental Budgetary Healthcare Institution) Siberian Regional Medical Center FMBA of Russia, Novosibirsk State Medical University.

Annotation: 

The study objective was to identify the quality of life indicators (QOL) before and after kidney transplantation, for patients receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT), being on long term hemodialysis, and awaiting for kidney transplant surgery.

Materials and methods: the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire was answered by 8 patients with end-stage renal failure, receiving PTA, being on long term hemodialysis, and after the kidney transplant surgery, at the Regional Center of Nephrology based GBUZ VAT "State Novosibirsk Regional Hospital".

Results: after renal transplantation quality of life in dialysis patients increases due to the significantly lower impact of pain on daily activities and improving the overall patients health condition.

Conclusions: The kidney transplantation surgery is positively beneficial for the physical component of quality of life dialysis patients compared to the period when patients were awaiting for kidney transplant surgery.

Keywords: 

Quality of life, kidney transplantation, hemodialysis.

Thyroid gland ultrasound imaging in employees working in contact with lead.

Year: 2013 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 37-40

Heading: Organization and improvement of medical care and the state sanitary and epidemiological supervision. Prevention and liquidation of consequences of emergency situations.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Shapovalova V.P., Ryzhova T.V., Beda N.P., Ryzhov V.M.

Organization: FGHI (Federal Governmental Healthcare Institution) Joint Medical Service № 170 FMBA, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Advanced Training FMBA.

Annotation: 

We have performed US tests on 42 employees working in contact with nonorganic lead dispersed in the air and on 20 employees in control group. The air concentration of nonorganic lead in working area did not exceed maximum permissible concentration. All the employees in had been servicing at the facility for more than 20 years. The study showed more significant changes in structure, size, echogenicity and blood circulation in control group patients.

Keywords: 

Lead, thyroid gland structure, echogenicity, circulation rate.

Development and field trials of the technology for bioremediation of the territories contaminated by toxic chemicals.

Year: 2013 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 41-51

Heading: The results of research works in the field of studying the influence on the humans especially dangerous and harmful production factors.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Zharikov G.A., Marchenko A.I., Krainova O.A., Kapranov V.V., Zharikov M.G.

Organization: Federal State-Financed Institution «Research Center for Toxicology and Hygienic Regulation of Biopreparations of Federal Medico-Biological Agency».

Annotation: 

It is demonstrated that application of natural microorganisms-degraders provides ecologically sound bioremediation of the territories contaminated by toxic chemicals (rocket fuel heptyle, polychlorinated biphenyls, oil products and PAH, phosphoroorganic pesticides, primary yperite products, ethylene glycol, etc.). The technologies are safe and are recommended for practical use.

Keywords: 

Technology for "in situ" bioremediation of contaminated soils, microorganisms-degraders, rocket fuel heptyl, poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, phosphorus organic pesticides and herbicides, mustard gas hydrolysis products, ethyleneglycol, jet fuel.

 

Studying effects of cryoprotectants on peripheral blood leukocytes using chemiluminescence assay.

Year: 2013 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 53-56

Heading: The results of research works in the field of studying the influence on the humans especially dangerous and harmful production factors.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Khudyakov A.N., Zaitseva O.O., Polezhaeva T.V., Laptev D.S., Kostyaev A.A.

Organization: Institute of Physiology, Komi Science Centre, the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kirov Haematology and Blood Transfusion Research Institute.

Annotation: 

Using Chemiluminescence assays we studied the effect of exo-cellular, endo-cellular and combined cryoprotectants on lipid peroxidation (LPO) and leukocytes antioxidant activity (AOA). It was noticed, that substances cause changes as in LPO so in AOA, when cryoprotectants do not cause activation of LPO in non-treated leukocytes.

Keywords: 

Leukocytes, cryoprotectants, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant activity.

The web-based information retrieval system for emergency reference service of queries on diagnosis of lesions and diseases caused by exposure to toxic chemicals.

Year: 2013 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 57-61

Heading: The results of research works in the field of studying the influence on the humans especially dangerous and harmful production factors.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Filatov B.N., Scherbakov P.V., Vasilchenko O.V., Sprygin D.M.

Organization: FSUE Research Institute for Hygiene, Toxicology and Occupational Pathology FMBA Russia.

Annotation:

Goal. To reduce the time needed to diagnose lesions and diseases caused by toxic chemicals exposure.

Methods. Chemical disaster, manmade or in a form of terrorist attack, is one of the most dangerous threats to the society and nature. This article describes the web-based information retrieval system designed in FSUE «RIHTOP» FMBA for emergency reference service needed to diagnose lesions and diseases caused by exposure to toxic chemicals. The system supports the decision making process in establishing diagnosis and in medical care provision at the phases of medical evacuation and in process of containment and accident elimination in chemical emergency situations, especially at initial phase of accident, when it is crucially important. The system is deployed as a web-based application and is publicly available at: http://rihtop.ru/diagnoseassistant. It allows users to identify a dangerous situation via Internet using personal mobile devices.

Result. In real life situations, the usage of the web-based information retrieval system allows to facilitate and expedite the establishing diagnosis process on lesions and diseases caused by exposure to toxic chemicals and helps in the selection of the medical care.

Keywords: 

Web-based information retrieval system, free access, diagnostic, toxic chemicals, antidote, emergency
medical care, mobile devices.

Ecological-and-toxicological effect of beryllium oxide on soils.

Year: 2013 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 62-70

Heading: The results of research works in the field of studying the influence on the humans especially dangerous and harmful production factors.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Maslennikov A.A., Demidova S.A.

Organization: FSUE Research Institute for Hygiene, Toxicology and Occupational Pathology at FMBA Russia.

Annotation:

Purpose. Experimental study - risk of soil contamination with beryllium oxide.

Materials and methods. The object of research was beryllium oxide (BeO), CAS № 1304-56-9, with relative density d420 = 3,03 g/sm 3 and molecular weight 25.01. In our research we followed the methodical guidelines [11] given in the monograph of E.I. Goncharuk and G.I. Sidorenko, along with the standartiation principles for exogenous substances in soils [3]. Prior to the experiment, using standard methods, we identified the basic physical and chemical characteristics of the soli, the standard model of soils and the mixtures [3; 11].

Results and considerations. In this paper we present unique comprehensive experimental analysis of beryllium oxide effects on soils, its potential migration from contaminated soils to air and natural waters and its effects on microbiocaenosis, nitrification and soils enzymatic activity. We have discovered, that beryllium oxide introduced even into fairly superficial layers of soil, does not evaporate into air (at concentration 20.0 mg/kg and lower), and doe not penetrate into groundwater (at 5.0 mg/kg and lower). At the same time, the presence of beryllium oxide in soil leads to very significant changes in some biogeocenotic functions of soil: it has adverse effects on microbiocaenosis, nitrification activity and intensity of biochemical processes. Researched general sanitary state of soils suggests maximum limit allowed for beryllium oxide concentration in soil:

• soil microbiocaenosis 4.0 mg/kg;

• soil nitrification 0.25 mg/kg;

• soil enzymatic activity 1.0 mg/kg.

This study is a part of Soil hygienic standards analysis for the tested xenobiotic maximum limits allowed.

Keywords: 

Soil, beryllium oxide, water-migration and airmigration indicators of hazard, general sanitary indicator of hazard, sub-threshold level.

How cryopreservatives with different shelf life effect crystallogenic properties of blood plasma.

Year: 2013 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 71-75

Heading: The results of research works in the field of studying the influence on the humans especially dangerous and harmful production factors.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Martusevich A.K., Kostyaev A.A.

Organization: Nizhny Novgorod Traumatology and Orthopaedics Research Institute, F.S.B.R.I Kirov Haematology and Blood Transfusion Research Institute. The Federal Medical-Biological Agency (FMBA).

Annotation: 

The aim of this work was to investigate the stability of blood plasma crystallogenic properties, considering shelf life of various preservatives. We were studying crystallization process in biological substrate with and without added cryopreservative (Dimethylsulfoxyde, Trombocryodmac, Glycerine + Glucose). In further study we used valid Trombocryodmac and with prolonged expiration date. We found out, that most suitable cryopreservative is Dimethylsulfoxyde as it is the most adjusted to the human physiology. Application of a cryopreservative with prolonged expiration date negatively influence crystallogenic properties of blood plasma.

Keywords: 

Cryopreservatives, shelf life, blood plasma, crystallogenic properties, biocrystallomics.

Development of the diagnostic test-systems based on immunochromatogra-phy and nanoparticles of iron (III) hexacyanoferrate (II).

Year: 2013 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 76-85

Heading: The results of research works in the field of studying the influence on the humans especially dangerous and harmful production factors.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Skopinskaya S.N., Yarkov S.P., Khramov E.N.

Organization: FSUE State Scientific Research Institute of Biological Engineering FMBA of Russia.

Annotation:

Objective: The goal is to design immuno-chromatographic test kits for rapid detection of tuberculosis antibodies (AT) and Salmonella surface O-antigen (Ag) serogroups B and/ or D in blood serum or plasma, based on hexacyanoferrate (II) Iron (III) and access their diagnostic properties in the analysis of clinical samples.

Materials and methods. In our research we used immunochromatographic assay (IHA) and nanoparticles hexacyanoferrate (II) Iron (III). To detect TB-antibodies in human blood serum, we prepared nanoparticle conjugates that contained: hexacyanoferrate (II) Iron (III), rabbit blood serum and polyclonal antibodies to human immunoglobulins (IgG + IgA + IgM). To detect the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Salmonella O-AG from serogroup B and/or D we prepared nanoparticle conjugates that contained: hexacyanoferrate (II) Iron (III) and LPS molecules isolated from Salmonella typhimurium. Clinical relevance of the developed test systems was verified on serum or plasma samples collected from patients of Serpukhov and Kulakovskogo TB dispensaries (Moscow region),and patients of Children’s Infectious Diseases Hospital Nr. 5, Moscow. The obtained results were tracked and analyzed in video digital immunoassay analyzer (АИВЦ-1), designed at the Federal State Budgetary Institution "State Biotherapy R&D" FMBA.

Results. To detect surface Salmonella O-AG from serogroup B and/or D and anti-TB antibodies in blood serum (plasma) we have developed two test systems. Test system "SALMONELLA-AG-(B+D)-Immunohrom-Hydrosol" has a high specificity and the application helps to diagnose salmonella infection of patients in specialized hospital. The sensibility of the "TUB-AT-Immunohrom-Hydrosol" test-system in TB-antibodies detection was 46.15% and specificity 67.65%. The test duration is about 5-10 minutes. The result is easy to interpret by cyan-blue lines appear on nitrocellulose membranes.

Conclusions. First developed immunochromatographic test systems based on with hexacyanoferrate (II) Iron (III). The test system "TUB-AT-Immunohrom-Hydrosol" identifies anti-TB antibodies in patienfs blood serum (plasma). The test system "SALMONELLA-AG-(B+D)-Immunohrom-Hydrosol" detects the surface Salmonella lipopolysaccharide-AG from serogroup B and/or D. Suggested test systems are suitable for screening population for TB-infection as well as to diagnose Salmonella infections at the early stage.

Keywords: 

Iron (III) hexacyanoferrate (II), immuno chromatography, salmonellosis, tuberculosis.

Русский