Medicine of Extreme Situations
Scientific and Practical reviewed Journal
of FMBA of Russia

included in the list of HAC

№2, 2017 (June)

Prevalence of infections diseases in children of the Russian Federation.

Year: 2017 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 23-36

Heading: Medical sciences.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: Yu.V. Lobzin, L.N. Konovalova, N.V. Skripchenko.

Organization: Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Annotation:

Children and infections are inseparable notions because a child’s organism being in the process of growth and development is influenced by the environment reality factors to a greater degree than an adult’s organism. It is the pediatrics where there can be found the “keys” to the prevention of chronic diseases of the adult period of life, to the formation of significant features of intelligence, many-sided abilities and potential longevity. The proportion of infectious diseases is over 90% in the structure of whole morbidity in children as a multitude of types, subspecies, and subclasses of pathogens, type-specific formation of postinfectious immunity, and easiness of infection transmission cause their total prevalence, especially in childhood. The review article deals with pressing issues of morbidity in children’s population of the Russian Federation reflecting the results of interactions of economic, ecological, social-hygienic and medicalorganizational factors in the society. There is given the analysis of official statistics concerning the condition of infectious diseases in children of the Russian Federation within the period of 2015–2016. There are specified the causes of morbidity and the ways of problem solutions in the sphere of children infectology are defined. Public health officials should have the possibility to use available reserves more rationally to make the problem of saving and strengthening of reproductive, personnel and mental potential (which children are) in the conditions of modern economic instability of the country not so keen.

Keywords:

Children, infections, morbidity, Russia.

The use of medical information system in the anatomic pathology department.

Year: 2017 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 37-42

Heading: Medical sciences.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: O.V. Strelchenko, N.N. Velichkina, V.B. Petrov, E.S. Kozorezova.

Organization: Siberian Regional Medical Center at the FMBA, Novosibirsk, Russia.

Annotation:

The article describes an experience in application of «Medialog» (medical information system) in an anatomic pathology department at a multiprofile hospital. It shows that an innovative approach and information technologies reduce the workload on the employees and optimize the paper workflow, thus ensuring the continuity and quality of the processes at all stages of the intra-vitam pathoanatomical studies.

Keywords:

Quality, intra-vitam pathoanatomical studies, medical information system, electronic documents, anatomic pathology department.

Analysis of the Emergency Assistance Requests from the Public as an Objective Assessment Criterion for the Impact, Potentially Hazardous Objects have on the Environment.

Year: 2017 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 43-48

Heading: Medical sciences.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: V.L. Filippov, V.R. Rembovskiy, Yu.V. Filippova, I.B. Sivachenko, Yu.A. Seredkin, E.S. Kas’yanenko, E.V. Zyabko, N.V. Gladyr.

Organization: Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology and Human Ecology Federal State Unitary Enterprise, Federal Medical Biological Agency, St. Petersburg.

Annotation:

The rate and dynamics of the emergency health service (EHS) appealability of the population living at the territory adjacent to the Vostochny spaceport and at the reference territory were analyzed. The effect of unfavorable winds on EHS appealability was assessed. Background EHS parameters were obtained for the subsequent population health monitoring at the territory adjacent to the Vostochny spaceport.

Keywords:

Population health, rocket and space activity, emergency health service, Vostochny spaceport.

Comparison Between the Brain Bioelectric Activity Indices and Energy Metabolism the in Brain Tissue (the magnitude of hemispheric differences in the power of biopotentials of homologous leads and the level of the permanent brain potential).

Year: 2017 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 49-59

Heading: Medical sciences.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: E.V. Miroshnik, Z.F. Zvereva, A.F. Bobrov, I.S. Baskakov, N.P. Vanchakova, O.V. Elanskaya.

Organization: Federal State Budgetary Institution Federal Biophysical Center named after A.I. Burnazyan, Federal Medical Biophysical Agency, Moscow; Institute of Chemical Physics named after N. N. Semenova at the RAS, Moscow; Sankt-Petersburg State Medical University named after the academician I.P. Pavlov, St.-Petersburg; Russian State University of Physical Culture and Sports, Youth and Tourism, Moscow.

Annotation:

Comparison of indices: the magnitude of the hemispheric differences (HD) in the power of biopotentials in homologous leads and the level of the permanent brain potential (PBP). The magnitude of the hemispheric differences (HD) identifies the degree of uneven distribution of performance in hemispheres (not considering the hemisphere with the dominant performance (bioelectric activity), i.e. not considering the sign). PBP is an energy metabolism indicator in the brain, it is recorded by a mobile brain mapping device (a programmable amplifier of the biological potential with the millivolt range). It is established that the indicators under consideration characterize similar processes in the brain tissues.

HD power of biopotentials in homologous leads can be used to indirectly the level of energy processes the brain tissue. The similarity of the CNS functional state indices - bioelectrical activity of the brain and energy metabolism in the brain tissue, allows to use the mobile brain mapping devise (a programmable amplifier of the biological potential with the millivolt range) used to obtain data on the person’s condition in the extreme environment.

Keywords:

Bioelectrical activity of the brain, level of constant potential energy processes in brain tissue.

Multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of patients with muscleinvasive bladder cancer and abdominal aortic aneurysm: CLINICAL CASE.

Year: 2017 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 60-65

Heading: Medical sciences.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: V.A. Atduev, E.G. Sharabrin, V.E. Gasrataliev, A.M. Frantsevich, A.A. Seregin, Z.V. Amoev, A.I. Zaytsev, E.l. Zagaynov, V.E. Zagaynov.

Organization: Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Nizhny Novgorod; «Volga District Medical Centre» under Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Nizhny Novgorod; Federal Institute of Surgery named after A.V. Vishnevsky, Moscow.

Annotation:

Presented clinical case demonstrates the multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of patients with severe comorbidities: cancer of the bladder and aneurysms of abdominal aorta, which allowed reasonable to choose the safest and the most effective type of operations, their sequence and volumes, and have radical treatment in compliance with the principles of oncological radicalism, warning the development of complications and adverse events. A multidisciplinary team has justified two-stage treatment: endovascular stenting for the abdomenal part of aorta and iliac artery stent graft of a new generation Ovation iX ™, followed by a radical cystectomy with extended lymph nodes dissection and the formation of Y-shaped orthotopic neobladder out of an ileum portion. The treatment outcome in 16 months: there is no recurrence of the underlying disease, the function of an artificial neobladder and upper urinary tract urodynamics are good, aneurysm is completely isolated from the true lumen of the aorta. This example has shown clinical efficacy of a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of patients with complex comorbidities.

Keywords:

Bladder cancer, abdominal aortic aneurysm, radical cystectomy, aortic stenting.

Morbidity rate in pediatric population, as a reproductive health criterion for the personnel at the chemical weapons storage and destruction facilities.

Year: 2017 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 66-71

Heading: Occupational safety and security.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: V.V. Uiba, S.Yu. Tarakanova, A.V. Alekhnovich, E.G. Knyazev, O.D. Shinkarenko.

Organization: Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Moscow; Central Children's Teaching Hospital, FMBA, Moscow; Federal Medical Biophysical Center named by A.I. Burnazyan, FMBA, Moscow; Central Medical and Sanitary Unit № 94, FMBA, Peresvet, Moscow Region.

Annotation:

To assess the reproductive health of personnel at the chemical weapon storage and disposal facilities: «Kambarka» and «Kizner» in the Udmurt Republic, mobile teams of medical specialists, FSBHI «Central Children's Teaching Hospital Federal Medical Biological Agency» conducted a comprehensive medical examination 2395 children and adolescents. In the examined contingent was leading diseases were of the respiratory system (546,816–607,476 per 1000 examined), — of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (460,674–546,728 per 1000 examined), — of the digestive system (389,513–425,233 per 1000 examined), — of the eye and adnexa (329,588–401,869 per 1000 examined), — of the endocrine system, nutritional and metabolic disorders (119,850–182,242 per 1000 examined).

This situation is typical for a significant number of regions of the Russian Federation. Adverse effects on reproductive health of personnel and population living in the area of protective actions, is not detected.

Keywords:

Children, adolescents, medical examination, disease prevalence, reproductive health, chemical weapons, the Federal medical-biological Agency.

Analysis and forecast in health assessment of the personnel at the chemically hazardous facilities based on the application of an information analysis system.

Year: 2017 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 72-82

Heading: Occupational safety and security.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: M.Yu. Kombarova.

Organization: Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology and Human Ecology Federal State Unitary Enterprise, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Kapitolovo St., Leningrad Region.

Annotation:

The paper presents an algorithm for statistical data analysis performed through the automated informational analytical system thet accumulates, storages, and processes medical and hygien infor mation on the working environment and health status of personnel at the chemically hazardous industries in town Tikhvin.

Keywords:

Chemical safety, chemically hazardous facility, automated information analysis system, statistical observation, interface, database, hygiene and epidemiological analysis.

Environmental monitoring of petroleum products on the territory of a hazardous chemical facility with the use of a flash detector.

Year: 2017 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 83-88

Heading: Occupational safety and security.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: N.V. Maslova, Zh.Yu. Kochetova, A.N Danilov, T.A. Kuchmenko.

Organization: FGBUZ «Hygiene and Epidemiology № 97 FMBA Russia», Voronezh; MESC AF «N.E. Zhukovsky and Y.A. Gagarin Air Force Akademy», Voronezh; FSBEI HE «Voronezh State University of Engineering Technology», Voronezh.

Annotation:

The ten-year monitoring of petroleum hydrocarbons content in the surface layer of soil, snow and natural waters in the territory of the chemically hazardous facility SSC «Design Bureau of Chemical Automatics» and surrounding regions are presented. The measuring of the oil concentration in the soil were conducted in the laboratory by standard methods using Kontsen-tratomer KH series. For rapid determination of the oil concentration in the ground in the «in situ» сondition a fundamentally new flash-based detector pezosensorov modified carbon nanotubes was proposed. Correlation of content in the soil of petroleum products and nitrogen compounds was completed.

Keywords:

Soil, natural water, snow, oil pollution, nitrogen-containing compounds in soils.

Development and pilot testing of microbial add-in biofilter for storm wastewater treatment at the hazardous chemicals facilities.

Year: 2017 (June) Number: №2 Pages: 89-101

Heading: Occupational safety and security.

Article type: Scientific article.

Authors: G.A. Zharikov, A.I. Marchenko, O.A. Krainova, V.P. Dyadischeva.

Organization: R&D for Toxicology and Hygiene Regulations in biopharmaceuticals — Affiliated Institution at National Research Center — Institute of Immunology at the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Serpukhov, Moscow region.

Annotation:

A compact bacterial filter was designed to be installed into the existing storm drainage system of a production facility. The filter allows for storm wastewater treatment from polluting substances with the help of immobilized microorganisms-destructors. The bacterial filter has to be placed inside a storm drainage pipe. The sorption material is stretched over the filter frame while the industrial pollutants destructing microorganisms are spread onto the sorption material. The R&D Center has a bank of living cultures capable to destroy various toxic chemicals (petrochemicals, oils, polychlorinated biphenyls, ethylene glycol, organochlorine and organophosphorus compounds, etc.). The microorganisms were tested for their safety on laboratory animals (white mice and rats).

Trial bacterial filter were successfully tested during the pilot-testing at the premises of the Domodedovo airport. The decomposition of the pollutants in storm water was assessed by the results of chemical analysis and biotesting for integral toxicity.

Thus, the biotechnology was developed for cleaning storm sewage with the help of microorganismsdestructors. Specifically designed bacterial filter are installed directly into the storm drainage pipes, do not have a significant resistance to the water flow and have high pollutant-degrading potential.

Keywords:

Storm wastewater, bacterial filter, microorganisms — destructors of toxicants.

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